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Silicon Photomultipliers (SiPM) & Multi-Pixel Photon Counters (MPPC)
The silicon photomultiplier, which is also referred to as a multi-pixel photon counter, uses the technique whereby an array of CMOS compatible photon counting (Geiger mode) photodiodes, each with an integrated quench circuit, are connected together in parallel on a single piece of silicon. An incident photon on any photodiode produces a pulse of current at the sensor output. The total output is the sum of all the individual pulses of current from each photodiode detecting a photon at a moment in time. The output current is thus proportional to the incident photon flux. At one million, the total SiPM gain is significantly higher than that of a normal APD which is typically near 100. This novel device combines the main advantages of conventional silicon APDs — namely small size, low voltage operation, and robustness — with the main advantages of PMTs, namely high gain and stability. Listed below are some of the most sophisticated SiPMs and MPPCs available today including a first-of-its-kind 16 element SiPM from SensL.
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SensL ArraySL-4
A 16 element 4 side scalable SPM array based on silicon photomultipliers tiled in a 4×4 array. The SensL detectors are mounted onto a low profile ceramic package. The solution offers 4 side scalable packaging to allow ArraySL-4 to be tiled for larger area detection systems.
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Hamamatsu S11064 Series
This series of new MPPCs from Hamamatsu is a 4 x 4 array of detectors available with either 3,600 or 14,400 pixels per detector. They are high gain, Geiger mode APDs that have excellent time resolution and photon detection efficiency. They find uses in biomedical fluorescence detection, fluorescence lifetime measurements, confocal microscopes, PET, SPECT, and high energy physics.
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SensL SPMArray2
A 16 element 3 side scalable SPMArray based on SPM pixels tiled in a 4×4 array. The SensL detectors are tiled together using flip chip technology on glass. The device is sensitive to visible light in the range of 400nm to 850nm and suited to applications requiring direct light detection at these wavelengths or for radiation detection via scintillators.
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